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| Water Analysis |
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| The cations and anions in the water are measured to determine the scaling potential. This allows the most suitable anti-scalant to be selected. |
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| Particle Counting |
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| Water samples are analysed for particles between 1-60 microns which can cause severe abrasion damage to the membrane surface. |
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| Silt Density Index |
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| Is a measure of the level of suspended solids and colloids in the RO feed water that could cause membrane fouling. |
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| Jar Test |
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| Method of assessing the best flocculants/coagulants to remove suspended solids and colloids from feed waters. |
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| Deposit Analysis |
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| SEM-EDX, FTIR and other analytical techniques are used to evaluate and characterise deposits and foulants.
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| Turbidity |
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| A turbidity meter is used to measure suspended solids in water. |
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